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Cochlear implant
A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing.
Cochlear implants may help provide hearing in patients who are deaf because of damage to sensory hair cells in their cochleas. These sensory cells unlike most of the other cells in the body, never regenerate. Thus, the hair cells are irreplaceable in any matter. The cochlear implants work in place of those lost or damaged hair cells, enough to recover the different frequencies and amplitudes of sound. In those patients, the implants often can enable sufficient hearing for better understanding of speech. The quality of sound is different from natural hearing, with less sound information being received and processed by the brain. However, many patients are able to hear and understand speech and environmental sounds. Newer devices and processing-strategies allow recipients to hear better in noise, enjoy music, and even use their implant processors while swimming.
As of December 2012, approximately 324,000 people worldwide have surgically implanted cochlear implants; in the U.S., roughly 58,000 adults and 38,000 children are recipients. However there are minor and major drawbacks of getting cochlear implants. The vast majority are in developed countries due to the high expenses of the device, thus holding back most patients from even wanting to receive them.The cost of therapy are also included in bills after surgery, in order for patients to interpret new sounds their brain haven't heard over long periods or never once in their lives. A small but growing segment of recipients have bilateral implants for hearing stereo sound (one implant in each cochlea) which add to the expense also. Most consider paying the expense and going through therapy to hear even the slightest sound again, but there are risks for any of those wanting to receive implants. During surgery, patients have to completely prepare their ears for implants, meaning even the slightest sense of hearing left in any ear will permanently be gone.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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